Venomous Small Snakes
The Japanese Mamushi (Gloydius blomhoffii) is a representative venomous snake widely distributed throughout Japan, from Hokkaido to Kyushu. It measures approximately 40-70 cm in length and is characterized by spots and round patterns on its body. While there are other venomous snakes in Japan, such as the Japanese Keelback (Rhabdophis tigrinus) and Habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis), the majority of snake bite incidents are caused by Mamushi. In fact, there are over 3,000 reported cases annually, highlighting its danger.
The Japanese Mamushi primarily inhabits natural environments such as mountainous areas and watersides, so particular caution is required when hiking, trekking, or fishing. They often lurk near water where there are abundant prey like frogs and small animals. Accidental stepping on them can result in a bite, and what may start as mild pain can quickly progress to swelling and necrosis. Delayed appropriate treatment can lead to severe long-term complications.
Flesh-Eating Freshwater Fish
The Violet Candiru is a freshwater fish that is actually more aggressive than piranhas. This fish is sensitive to the ammonia scent of animals, which it uses to locate and attack its prey. Human urine is no exception, and urinating in the water can even be fatal.
A particularly famous incident involves the casualties from the sinking of the Santos. As passengers swam to evacuate, schools of Violet Candiru attacked, leading to many deaths. It is said that the cause was not direct predation, but rather shock or infection caused by their entry into the body.
